Lessons from Europe’s Warrior Past

Lessons from Europe's Warrior Past John Ling Jihad. Holy war. The Crusades. These events took place in the Middle East mainly between the 11th and 13th centuries. They happened just as European Christianity was emerging out of the Dark Ages and rising to compete with the Islamic world. This period of history was a contested and bloody one — and it would forever reshape ideas about empire, borders, and identity. The impact is still being felt to this day. A golden opportunity?