Allergy Immunotherapy _ Allergy Treatment _ ACAAI Public Website

Allergy immunotherapy is a highly effective preventive treatment for allergic reactions. This method involves giving gradually increasing doses of a specific substance, or allergen, to which an individual is allergic. By doing so, we aim to make the person less sensitive to that substance. This desensitization process likely works by stimulating the production of what we call a "blocking antibody." This antibody then works to reduce the symptoms of allergy when the substance is encountered in the future. Immunotherapy is particularly beneficial as it not only addresses immediate allergic reactions but also helps in reducing the inflammation that characterizes conditions such as rhinitis and asthma. Before we begin any treatment, our allergist will work with each patient to identify their specific trigger factors for allergy symptoms. This crucial step often involves skin tests or sometimes blood tests to confirm the exact allergens to which the person has antibodies. Immunotherapy is usually recommended only if the person appears to be selectively sensitive to several allergens. There are a few different types of immunotherapy we can consider. The most common and widely used form is allergy shots, also known as subcutaneous immunotherapy or SCIT. This is a very effective treatment that can actually change the immune system, helping to prevent the development of new allergies and even asthma. Another option is immunotherapy with allergy tablets, which is sublingual immunotherapy, or SLIT. This method offers an alternative way to treat allergies without injections. However, it's important to note that currently, the only FDA-approved sublingual therapy in the United States is in tablet form, not drops. In addition to these primary immunotherapy approaches, we also utilize various medications to manage allergy symptoms. Decongestants and antihistamines are among the most common medications used. They effectively help to reduce symptoms like a stuffy nose, runny nose, sneezing, and itching. Other medications work by preventing the release of the chemicals that cause allergic reactions. Corticosteroids, for instance, are particularly effective in treating inflammation within the nasal passages. Our goal is always to tailor the treatment to each individual, ensuring the most effective and comfortable experience possible.